(a) No recognition. A foreign country judgment is not conclusive if:
    1. the judgment was rendered under a system which does not provide impartial tribunals or procedures compatible with the requirements of due process of law;
    2. the foreign court did not have personal jurisdiction over the defendant.
(b) Other grounds for non-recognition. A foreign country judgment need not be recognized if:
    1. the foreign court did not have jurisdiction over the subject matter;
    2. the defendant in the proceedings in the foreign court did not receive notice of the proceedings in sufficient time to enable him to defend;
    3. the judgment was obtained by fraud;
    4. the cause of action on which the judgment is based is repugnant to the public policy of this state;
    5. the judgment conflicts with another final and conclusive judgment;
    6. the proceeding in the foreign court was contrary to an agreement between the parties under which the dispute in question was to be settled otherwise than by proceedings in that court; [*or*]
    7. in the case of jurisdiction based only on personal service, the foreign court was a seriously inconvenient forum for the trial of the action [*or*]
    8. the cause of action resulted in a defamation judgment obtained in a jurisdiction outside the United States, unless the court before which the matter is brought sitting in this state first determines that the defamation law applied in the foreign court's adjudication provided at least as much protection for freedom of speech and press in that case as would be provided by both the United States and New York constitutions.

(d) Foreign defamation judgment. The courts of this state shall have personal jurisdiction over any person who obtains a judgment in a defamation proceeding outside the United States against any person who is a resident of New York or is a person or entity amenable to jurisdiction in New York who has assets in New York or may have to take actions in New York to comply with the judgment, for the purposes of rendering declaratory relief with respect to that person's liability for the judgment, and/or for the purpose of determining whether said judgment should be deemed non-recognizable pursuant to section fifty-three hundred four of this chapter, to the fullest extent permitted by the United States constitution, provided:
    1. the publication at issue was published in New York, and
    2. that resident or person amenable to jurisdiction in New York has assets in New York which might be used to satisfy the foreign defamation judgment, or may have to take actions in New York to comply with the foreign defamation judgment. The provisions of this subdivision shall apply to persons who obtained judgments in defamation proceedings outside the United States prior to and/or after the effective date of this subdivision.